In our social exclusion project we use the definition of exclusion outlined by
Madanipour et al., 1998):

Social exclusion is defined as a multi-dimensional process, in which various
forms of exclusion are combined: participation in decision-making and
political processes, access to employment and material resources, and
integration into common cultural processes.  When combined, they create
acute forms of exclusion that find a spatial manifestation in particular
neighbourhoods. - Madanipour, A., et al, Social exclusion in European cities.
London: Jessica Kingsley.

Simply put, no voice, no money, no involvement!




Our Web Sites have information and reports from all of our Quality of Life
Projects!
http://www.utoronto.ca/qol     http://www.utoronto.ca/seniors

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They tell me the chancellor doesn't drink
Eats no meat and never smokes
And he lives in a modest dwelling.
But they also tell me the poor
Starve and die in misery.
How much better it would be to have a state of which men
    said:
The chancellor is always drunk at cabinet meetings
Eyeing the smoke from their pipes, a few
Uneducated men sit altering the laws
There are no poor.
 -- Bertolt Brecht
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Dennis Raphael, Ph.D.
Associate Professor
Department of Public Health Sciences
Graduate Department of Community Health
University of Toronto
McMurrich Building, Room 308
Toronto, Ontario, CANADA M5S 1A8
voice: (416) 978-7567
fax: (416) 978-2087
e-mail:   [log in to unmask]