from PAHO Equidad list
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Tackling Social Exclusion: Taking stock and looking to the future

Emerging Findings


Social Exclusion Unit, Office of the Deputy Prime Minister
 London UK - March 2004


http://www.socialexclusionunit.gov.uk/impactstrends/pdfimptre/tackleSocEx.pdf


 60;70;70;70;..This document is a discussion paper intended to stimulate
debate on social exclusion around a series of questions (see page 26) and
draw together expertise to inform our work. Reports from the Impacts and
Trends programme of work will be published during summer 2004.

 Social exclusion is a complex phenomenon. It is multi-dimensional, and can
pass from generation to generation. Social exclusion includes poverty and
low income, but is a broader concept and encompasses some of the wider
causes and consequences of deprivation. The Government has defined social
exclusion as:

56;a shorthand term for what can happen when people or areas suffer from a
combination of linked

problems such as unemployment, poor skills, low incomes, unfair
discrimination, poor housing,

high crime, bad health and family breakdown.57;

 Multiple disadvantage: The problems of social exclusion are often linked
and mutually reinforcing. It is often difficult to disentangle the causes
and consequences. The risk of social exclusion is highest for those with
multiple disadvantages.

 70;.61; Making policy more effective: building on success

Some policies have made progress in helping the hardest to reach. Research
with both clients and providers shows that particular types of delivery
mechanisms appear to work well and may increase participation among the
most vulnerable groups. We need to look at the opportunity to apply these
approaches elsewhere.

These include:

51; Individually tailored approaches 51; the use of personal advisers
appear more effective than blanket approaches.

51; Multi-agency working 51; to allow multiple needs to be picked up by
single agencies.

51; Joining up and customising services 51; to address the needs of some of
the most disadvantaged groups
   who are likely to live in some of the most deprived areas, for example
through Neighbourhood Renewal.

51; Making services more accessible 51; one-stop-shops, out-reach, delivery
via local intermediaries such as
    voluntary and community groups.

51; Common objectives for all targets 51; operating across agencies which
will prevent services and targets
   pulling in different directions.

51; Providing alternative environments 51; to deliver services in which
excluded people feel comfortable,
   for example alternative learning environments, home visiting.

51; Flexible timescales 51; available for clients to receive help on
programmes.

51; Stable provision 51; also appears important to allow providers to carry
out longer-term planning for clients
   and continuity in personnel to allow relationships to form between
clients and providers.

51; Floor targets 51; we should learn to build on the success of some of
the floor targets where we have seen
   significant improvements in narrowing the gap, for example education.
70;70;70;..61;

  *      *      *     *

This message from the Pan American Health Organization, PAHO/WHO, is part
of an effort to disseminate
information Related to: Equity; Health inequality; Socioeconomic inequality
in health; Socioeconomic
health differentials; Gender; Violence; Poverty; Health Economics; Health
Legislation; Ethnicity; Ethics;
Information Technology - Virtual libraries; Research & Science issues.
[DD/ IKM Area]

60;Materials provided in this electronic list are provided "as is".Unless
expressly stated otherwise, the findings
and interpretations included in the Materials are those of the authors and
not necessarily of The Pan American
Health Organization PAHO/WHO or its country members61;.
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