The full document can be accessed at the url below.

http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_population/PT121_V1.pdf

The long shadow of childhood: associations between parental social class 
and own social class, educational attainment and timing of first birth; 
results from the ONS Longitudinal

Julian Buxton, Lynda Clarke, Emily
Grundy and C.E.Marshall, London School of Hygiene and
Tropical Medicine.

Population Trends 121 - Autumn 2005

The social class of parents is a strong influence on the social class of 
their children in later life, according to a study published today by the 
Office for National Statistics. Young and middle aged adults with a parent 
in Social Classes I or II (professional or managerial occupations) when 
they were children were the most likely to be in these social classes 
themselves. The analysis, in the Autumn issue of Population Trends*, shows 
that children’s educational attainment, which is itself an important factor 
in occupational opportunity, was also strongly associated with the social 
class of parents during childhood. For example, among men aged 23-36 in 
2001 who were in a twoparent family in 1981, 43 per cent of those with a 
parent in the highest social classes (professional and managerial 
occupations), achieved a higher education qualification compared with 14 
per cent of those with a parent from Social Classes IV or V (part 
skilled/unskilled occupations).

Parental social class and educational attainment were also
associated with starting a family. For example, among women
aged 25-29, those with a parent in a professional or managerial
occupation when they were children were half as likely to have
had a child by this age compared to those with a parent in a partly
skilled or unskilled occupation.



With the addition of 2001 Census data, the ONS Longitudinal
Study now includes information from four censuses, covering 30
years of the lives of sample members. This article illustrates the
potential for analysing continuity and change with new results on
intergenerational social mobility, parental social class and age at
first birth.

Key findings from include:
• Men aged 36-45 in 2001 with a parent in partly skilled or
unskilled occupations (Social Classes IV and V) in 1971 were
less likely to be in professional or managerial occupations
(Social Classes I and II) – 11 per cent – than those with a
parent in Social Classes I and II (42 per cent).

• Among adults who were aged 23-36 in 2001 and lived in a
two-parent family twenty years earlier, those with a parent in
Social Class I and II were less likely to have no educational
qualifications (5 per cent) than those with a parent in Social
Class IV or V (17 per cent). Differences in educational
attainment between young men and women were very small.

• Women aged 25-29 in 2001 with a parent in Social Class IV or
V twenty years earlier were twice as likely to have a child (54
per cent) than those with a parent in Social Class I and II (27
per cent). By the age 20, 18 per cent of those with a parent in
Social Class IV and V had given birth, compared with only 5
per cent for Social Classes I and

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