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Social Determinants of Health

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Well, glad to know that even the country that we consider to be one of
the healthiest and with the best ehalth care system is acknowleging the
pervasive systematic inequality that the people experiences.  

Don't know if I will ever read the entire 100 page report; it sounds
and looks good.  I would like to know how they intend to actually do to
implement or transform their system of inequality.

>>> Dennis Raphael <[log in to unmask]> 06/15/07
3:43 AM >>>
Sent by:"The Health Equity Network (HEN)"

National  strategy to reduce social inequalities in  health

Report  No. 20 (2006*2007) to the Storting

Norwegian  Ministry of Health and Care Services - May 2007

Available online as  PDF file [100p.] at:
http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_determinants/socio_economics/documents/norway_rd01_en.pdf


***.The  Norwegian population enjoys good health. However, averages
conceal
major,  systematic inequalities. Health is unevenly distributed among
social groups in  the population. We have to acknowledge that we live
in a
stratified society,  where the most privileged people, in economic
terms,
have the best health. These  inequalities in health are socially
determined, unfair and  modifiable.



The  government has therefore decided to initiate a broad, long-term
strategy to  reduce social inequalities in health. Many factors play a
part
in creating and  perpetuating social inequalities in health. The
situation
is complex, but we can  nevertheless state that it is generally social
circumstances that affect health  and not the other way round. Although
in
many cases serious health problems lead  to loss of income and work
and
difficulties completing education, social status  still has a bigger
impact
on health than health does on social status. An  overview of current
knowledge compiled under commission from the EU concludes  that social
inequalities in health in all countries in Europe, including  Norway,
are
primarily due to  inequalities in material, psychosocial and
behaviour-related risk  factors.



Social  inequalities in health are an expression of systematic
injustices,
and this is  happening in a society that upholds the principle that
everyone should have  equal opportunity to achieve good health.

The  Government believes that public health work needs to be based on
society  assuming greater responsibility for the population*s health.
Each
individual is  responsible for their own health, and it is important
to
respect the right of  the individual to have authority and influence
over
their own life. However, the  individual*s sphere of action is
limited by
factors outside the individual*s  control.



Even  lifestyle choices such as smoking, physical activity and diet
are
greatly  influenced by socioeconomic background factors not chosen by
the
individual.

As long  as systematic inequalities in health are due to inequalities
in
the way society  distributes resources, then it is the community*s
responsibility to take steps  to make the distribution fairer.

A fair  distribution of resources is good public health policy. The
primary
goal of  future public health work is not to further improve the health
of
the people  that already enjoy good health. The challenge now is to
bring
the rest of the  population up to the same level as the people who have
the
best health *  levelling up*.*





Content:

1  Introduction

1.1 A  fair distribution is good public health policy

1.2  Comprehensive policy to reduce social inequalities

1.3  Objective: To reduce social inequalities in Health

1.4 Four  priority areas for reducing social inequalities in  health

1.4.1  Reduce social inequalities that contribute to inequalities in
health

1.4.2  Reduce social inequalities in health behaviour and use of the
health
services

1.4.3  Targeted initiatives to promote social inclusion

1.4.4  Develop knowledge and cross-sectoral tools

2  Facts about social inequalities in health in Norway

2.1  Systematic inequalities in health

2.1.1  Substantial and growing social differences in mortality among
adults

2.1.2  Most of the main causes of death are unevenly distributed in
society

2.1.3  Significant social inequalities in mental health

2.1.4  Inequalities in health through the life course

2.2  Social structures affect health

2.2.1  Income

2.2.2  Childhood conditions

2.2.3  Work and working environment

2.3  Systematic inequalities in health behaviour and access to
healthservices

2.3.1  Health behaviour

2.3.2  Health services

2.4  Groups with special health challenges

2.4.1  Groups with long-term social problems

2.4.2  Children and young people at risk

2.4.3  Immigrants

2.4.4  Areas with Sami and Norwegian settlements

2.4.5  People living alone


3.  Reduce social inequalities that contribute to inequalities in
health

Income  Objective: Reduce  economic inequalities

Policy  instruments

Taxation  system.

Monitor  developments in income inequalities

Childhood  conditions  Objective: Safe  childhood conditions and equal
development  opportunities

Policy  instruments

Kindergarten and  school.

Maternal  and child health centres and the school health service

Mental  health services for children and young people

Child  welfare service

Participation in  organisations and cultural activities

Work  and working environment  Objective: Inclusive  working life and
healthy working environments

Policy  instruments

Working  environment legislation

The  Norwegian Labour Inspection Authority

Company  health services

Higher  employment among immigrants

Action  Plan against Social Dumping

National  system for monitoring work and health

Increase  research on sickness absence and exclusion from working 
life

Sickness  absence and exclusion in high-risk industries ( continue*)





 *       *      *      *

This message from  the Pan American Health Organization, PAHO/WHO, is
part
of an effort to  disseminate
information Related to: Equity; Health inequality; Socioeconomic
inequality in health; Socioeconomic
health differentials; Gender; Violence;  Poverty; Health Economics;
Health
Legislation; Ethnicity; Ethics;
Information Technology - Virtual libraries; Research & Science 
issues.
[DD/ IKM Area]

*Materials provided  in this electronic list are provided "as is".
Unless
expressly stated otherwise,  the findings
and interpretations included in the Materials are those of the  authors
and
not necessarily of The Pan American
Health Organization PAHO/WHO  or its country members*.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

PAHO/WHO  Website: http://www.paho.org/ 

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