Report available for download on the Commission for Racial Equality site:
http://www.cre.gov.uk/research/socialcapital.html
Background to this research Social capital is a concept that is both
contested and often indistinctly defined. It runs throughout discussions
about social cohesion and the integration of deprived and minority groups
who are socially excluded from relations with mainstream society.
This report theorises that social capital is a network-based process that
can generate both positive and negative outcomes through social norms and
trust, and that these are shaped at the societal, neighbourhood and
individual level.
The research project had three main objectives:
Understand the available data sources underpinning social capital
indicators in the UK; Provide clear information about available data
sources underpinning social capital indicators in the USA Understand the
extent to which UK data can reliably map onto indicators in the USA The
ability to measure social capital will, in theory, allow policy-makers to
gage levels of social cohesion and integration in neighbourhoods and
communities. This will in turn suggest ways in which policies might be
adapted to nurture and strengthen integration and social cohesion.
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What did this report recommend? The main recommendation of this report is
that the CRE should work towards the development of indicators of bonding
and bridging social capital at individual and community level.
Social capital analysis can assist us in understanding, and therefore
supporting, those factors which can drive society down the path towards
integration. However, in order to do so, it is essential that the UK
develops methods of measurement to:
assess the make-up of social capital networks; and go beyond national
samples towards more embedded means of assessment which allow analysis to
relate findings to specific social contexts. The report also recommends
building on the work done to date in the UK, by using the Office for
National Statistics' Harmonised Question Set as a basis to which further
indicators can be added.
The CRE should work with other interested agencies, such as the Home Office
and other government departments, and in collaboration with the ONS, to
develop such indicators and conduct the surveys that will carry them. It
should also seek to broaden its list of partners in this project further,
by reaching out to UK academic communities which have an interest in this
field, such as the social change initiative carried out at Manchester
University and Harvard University, or the Leverhulme Programme on Migration
and Citizenship.
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