Pat Gunning and others interested in the inflationary tendencies under a real bills regime (and other aspects of the real balance doctrine) should read Thomas Humphrey's papers on the topic, probably a good start: The Real Bills Doctine, Economic Review (of Richmond Fed FRB), Sept/Oct. 1982, available at: <http://www.richmondfed.org/publications/research/economic_review/1982/pdf/er680501.pdf>http://www.richmondfed.org/publications/research/economic_review/1982/pdf/er680501.pdf David Hammes