A novice in the area, but

Sweden - all inclusive

Denmark - variable inclusive

Others - neutral

USA and others  - exclusive


It seems that Denmark spends the top on age 0 - 6 child development

Sweden is up there close, but not quite.

Sweden also does well with even single moms

It may be that the comprehensive programs and approach of Sweden are a
better fit with those who have a variety of barriers to health, income,
education.

Denmark may help only certain categories, and depend upon early advantages
to help make up the difference. Those with an early boost usually have a
good beginning and something to fall back on. Those with generally doing
well type families are also a resource to fall back on.

This is very different than the US where lower and middle income folks have
less and less opportunity, where chronic poverty means less and less
personal resources or family resources to draw upon, and with even poorer
outcomes when bad things happen in life, education, circumstance, family.

When bad things happen or are the result of bad choices, even those of
higher status can move far down the ladder.

Also with early failures in the US, it seems that nothing works, fueling
even less future investments in people since they "don't work," whereas in
other nations, the early phase development is covered, and can be a help to
any interventions at later ages.

those better at international comparisons can help teach us on this

Robert C. Bowman, M.D.
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