----------------- HES POSTING ----------------- > Would it shock anyone if the general idea were to be found in Adam Smith? > On the level of personal services or obligations I suspect the notion is old if not ancient. I seem to recall from history of the American Civil War that one subject to draft could pay someone else to serve in his place in the Union army. And I also seem to recall there were similar arrangements in history for certain punishments. Scott Cullen ------------ FOOTER TO HES POSTING ------------ For information, send the message "info HES" to [log in to unmask]