Pat Gunning wrote that "The German "economy" of the period is hardly the kind of economy about which Keynes and the Keynesians were writing." In the preface to the German edition of the General Theory (September 1936), Keynes claimed that his theory was "much more easily adapted to the conditions of a totalitarian state [totaler Staat]" than the classical theory was. This justified him in calling it a "general theory" which "remains applicable to situations in which national leadership [staatliche Fuehrung] is more pronounced". Andy Denis