Dear All, While I am not a legal scholar by training, I have done some work in the area. I know of no copyright law that protects works of art for a longer period than (life of the author + 70 years). Some years back the US has extended its period of protection to this as well. It was then the period of protection that the EU had adopted. Before that protection in the US was (life of the author + 50 years). Some argue that this extension was due to lobbying by the Disney company (a.o.) as Steamboat Willey (Mickey Mouse) was due to become a figure in the public domain. (When the US was a net importer of works of art it forbid its citizens to pay royalties to foreign owners of rights in works of art - other countries had similar laws.) The stipulations by the publisher at hand for the quotes, if legal, are bound to be based in contract law not copyright law. Machlup some years back concluded that there was no reason he could think of to argue in favor of a system of copyright law if there were no such a law to begin with, but that since there was such a law, there was no reason to dismantle it either. That is about the extent to which support for IPR goes as far as most economists are concerned. Best, WIlfred Wilfred Dolfsma