Jan Szczepanik (correct spelling, with the usual noun clusters) was indeed Polish, but there was no Poland in the period 1795, when Russia, Prussia and Austria divvied it up, to 1918. The Tarnow area was legally part of Austria, so to genealogists he would be Austrian, but never Czech. Born in present-day Ukraine, then also partly Austrian. So also was Krakow (Cracow in British English) in the Austrian kingdom, but speaking and writing in Polish was allowed, whereas in schools and publishing in the native language was banned in the Prussian and Russian areas. Never heard of Szczepanik being labeled as the Austrian Edison, but will look it up. Google Translations version of the Polish text below the sketch is pretty accurate, with just a couple confusing words intruding. ANSWERS.com query found this: Jan Szczepanik (born June 13, 1872 in Rudniki (near Mostyska), Ukraine - April 18, died 1926 in Tarnow, Poland) was a Polish inventor. Szczepanik held several hundred patents and made over 50 discoveries, many of which are still used today, especially in the motion picture industry, photography, and television. Some of his ideas influenced the development of television, such as the telectroscope (an apparatus for distant reproduction of images and sound using electricity) or the wireless telegraph, which greatly influenced the development of telecommunications. Mark Twain met Szczepanik and described him in two of his articles: "The Austrian Edison keeping school again" (1898) and "From the London Times of 1904" (1898). References * entry at Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs website* (Polish) Andrzej Pilipiuk, Zapomniany geniusz --Richard R. in San Francisco (now a Sister City to Krakow)