Open Access https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/19427786221138965 Erin Flanagan<https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/19427786221138965#con1> https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5779-7311 and Dennis Raphael<https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/19427786221138965#con2> Abstract The adverse effects of climate change are already apparent with action required to forestall a full blown climate catastrophe. Despite findings that social democratic welfare states - Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden - more proactively respond to climate change through environmental policies that complement public policies promoting economic and social security, even these eco-social welfare state environmental policies are unlikely to avert a climate catastrophe. To avert a catastrophe will require gaining public control over energy policy and countering the power and influence of fossil-extracting industries. In theory, this could be accomplished through existing policy instruments. In reality, it may require establishment of a post-capitalist eco-socialist state, the outlines of which remain uncertain even among leading eco-socialist scholars. To effect either of these paths will require public awareness and support for such action. To that end, we identify public discourses of climate change which reflect these two ways forward as well as four other means of responding to climate change: (1) individual responsibility; (2) local action; (3) technocratic solution; (4) public policy advocacy; (5) balancing power in society; and (6) establishing a post-capitalist society. Despite the latter two discourses being the most likely to support effective action, they are the most marginalized. Get a free copy of Social Determinants of Health: The Canadian Facts at http://thecanadianfacts.org<http://thecanadianfacts.org/> Join 1200+ health leaders on the SDOH Listserv at https://listserv.yorku.ca/archives/sdoh.html Dennis Raphael, PhD Professor of Health Policy and Management York University 4700 Keele Street Strong College, Room 334 Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3 416-736-2100, ext. 22054 email: [log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]> Website: http://health.info.yorku.ca/health-profiles/index.php?mid=162284 Of interest: The Politics of Health in the Canadian Welfare State https://www.canadianscholars.ca/books/the-politics-of-health-in-the-canadian-welfare-state Poverty in Canada, 3rd edition, Forewords by Cathy Crowe, Rob Ranier and Jack Layton https://www.canadianscholars.ca/books/poverty-in-canada-d3408482-0caa-489a-8a76-7faf7587d00a Staying Alive: Critical Perspectives on Health, Illness, and Health Care, 3rd edition Foreword by Gary Teeple https://www.canadianscholars.ca/books/staying-alive Social Determinants of Health: Canadian Perspectives, 3rd edition Forewords by Michael Butler and Maude Barlow, Carolyn Bennett and Roy Romanow http://tinyurl.com/hm5l4hn Immigration, Public Policy, and Health: Newcomer Experiences in Developed Nations http://www.cspi.org/books/immigration-public-policy-and-health About Canada: Health and Illness, 2nd edition https://fernwoodpublishing.ca/book/about-canada-health-and-illness Tackling Health Inequalities: Lessons from International Experiences Foreword by Alex Scott-Samuel http://www.cspi.org/books/tackling_health_inequalities Health Promotion and Quality of Life in Canada: Essential Readings http://tinyurl.com/3C8zteu See a presentation! The Political Economy of Health Inequalities. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-NCTYqAub8g Also, presentation at the University of Toronto on how Canada stacks up again other nations in providing citizens with economic and social security. http://vimeo.com/33346501 See what Jack Layton had to say about my books! http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/story/2011/04/10/cv-election-ndp-layton-platform.html at 27:20 To leave, manage or join list: https://listserv.yorku.ca/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=sdoh&A=1