======================= HES POSTING ==================== Folks---- Two of my templates run over onto a second line. You will recognize them, I trust. For now, I am uncertain about the "least common line length" that I may presume among subscribers. Until the next version. ----Paul REPORT: Citations of Electronic Sources 3 Mar 97 --------------------------------------- Paul Wendt I: Citation Exemplars, Templates, and Components version 2.1 This report covers bibliographic (not footnote) citations for three species in the electronic zoo, in two styles. The three species are webpages, distributed e-mail list traffic, and private e-mail messages. The two styles are H-Net and "MLA embellished" (hereafter "MLA"). Part I is a short reference with severely limited discussion. Part II discusses many "sticky points" and tells where to go for more information. CONTENTS of Part I EXEMPLARS TEMPLATES COMPONENTS SOURCES EXEMPLARS presents "paradigm case" citation in each style for *one* member of each species --supposedly a clean, simple, representative, textbook member-- with brief notes. TEMPLATES presents the same abstractly. COMPONENTS lists the information a researcher should record in order to be prepared for citation in an unknown style. ========= EXEMPLARS ========= __Underline__ represents italics. On paper or in cyberspace, you should use italics if available. My remarks about permission are concerned with propriety, not law. --------- species: WEB PAGES - such as published at the HES website --------- By default, a web page is published (ie, in default of an explicit statement to the contrary, such as "DRAFT: Do Not Quote Without Permission"). It may properly be quoted like any paper publication (ie, within the limits of the author's copyright --"fair use" in USAmerica). For example, consider our modest directory of seminars in the history of economic thought. You might cite that source for the information that there are six North American seminars in H of E (which is implied there) or that "the Kress Seminar derives its name from its original affiliation with the Kress Library of Olde Economicks" (which is stated there). H-Net Emmett, Ross <[log in to unmask]> and Esther-Mirjam Sent <[log in to unmask]>. "Seminars and Workshops". History of Economics Society. <http://www.eh.net/HisEcSoc/Resources/seminars.shtml>. 6 December 1996. MLA Emmett, Ross, and Esther-Mirjam Sent. "Seminars and Workshops". Online. History of Economics Society. 6 Dec. 1996. Available: http://www.eh.net/HisEcSoc/Resources/seminars.shtml. 3 Mar. 1997. "History of Economics Society" appears here as the publisher. Many web pages, perhaps most, are privately published by the author. H-Net includes the author's e-mail address if it appears on the page (or, if known, with permission). MLA includes your access date (the second date). ------------------------------- species: DISTRIBUTED E-MAIL LIST TRAFFIC - such as distributed on HES list ------------------------------- By default, e-mail list traffic is unpublished (ie, in default of an explicit statement to the contrary, such as appears on the book reviews forwarded here from other eh.net lists). It may not properly be quoted (but may be described and cited) without permission. For example, consider Ross Emmett's contribution to our discussion of the history and sociology of economics according to George Stigler. H-Net Emmett, Ross <[log in to unmask]>. "Re: HES: DISC. Stigler". In HES. <[log in to unmask]>. 22 September 1996. Archived at: <http://cs.eh.net/Archives/hes/sep-96/0089.html>. MLA EMMER. "Re: HES: DISC. Stigler". 22 Sep. 1996. Online posting. History of Economics Society. Available E-mail: [log in to unmask] 22 Sep. 1996. "HES" and "History of Economics Society" appear here as the list name (not as publisher; contrast the webpage). H-Net uses the official name, which also appears as the first part of the list address ("hes"), whereas MLA explains the name by expanding its acronym. H-Net includes the author's e-mail address, with permission; and includes the archive, if known, which implies some effort to learn it (typically, effort by a subscriber who read the article when it was distributed). MLA includes your access date (the second date). Since publication and access dates are identical and no archive is cited, this example implies a subscriber who read the article when it was distributed. MLA accepts the author's username ("EMMER"), which is the nominal "Sender" for some list traffic. If you do consult the archive copy --to retrieve the author's real name or for any other reason-- you might cite that copy: MLA Emmett, Ross. "Re: HES: DISC. Stigler". 22 Sep. 1996. Online posting. History of Economics Society. Available: <http://cs.eh.net/Archives/hes/sep-96/0089.html>. 3 Mar. 1997. For the archive copy, the two dates differ: distribution and access dates. ----------------------- species: PRIVATE E-MAIL MESSAGES - such as between you and me ----------------------- By default, private e-mail is unpublished, like a paper letter. It may not properly be quoted without permission. For example, consider the memo in which my co-editor, E-M Sent, suggested that I prepare citation templates and post them to the list. ("In four months time," I said. Is it February 29th yet?) H-Net Sent, Esther-Mirjam <[log in to unmask]>. "replies". Private e-mail message to Paul Wendt <[log in to unmask]>. 29 October 1996. MLA Sent, Esther-Mirjam ([log in to unmask]). "replies". E-mail to Paul Wendt ([log in to unmask]). 29 Oct. 1996. Both H-Net and MLA require the author's contemporary e-mail address. Permission to quote e-mail implies permission to publish the address. ========= TEMPLATES ========= --X-- represents any variable, where X supposedly has mnemonic value (eg, a = author's name, @ = e-mail address, and so on). --------- species: WEB PAGES --------- H-Net --a-- <--@-->. "--t--". --p--. <--w-->. --d--. Punctuation is constant, everything else variable. Variables are Author's name and (with permission) e-mail address; Title, Publisher, Web address, and publication Date. MLA --a--. "--t--". Online. --p--. --d--. Available: --w--. --d--. "Online" and "Available:" are constant. Variables are Author, Title, Publisher, publication Date; and access Web address and Date. ------------------------------- species: DISTRIBUTED E-MAIL LIST TRAFFIC ------------------------------- H-Net --a-- <--@-->. "--t--". In --l--. <--@-->. --d--. Archived at: <--w-- >. "In", "Archived at:", and punctuation are constant. Variables are Author's name and (with permission) e-mail address; Title; List's name and submission address; distribution Date; and (if known) archive address. MLA --a--. "--t--". --d--. Online posting. --l--. Available E-mail: [log in to unmask] --d--. "Online posting", "Available" and punctuation are constant. Variables are are Author, Title, distribution Date; descriptive name of the List; access address and Date. ("E-mail" fits the list address --contemporary access by a subscriber. No analogue is necessary for the archive address, which contains its protocol "http" in its prefix.) ---------------------- species: PRIVATE E-MAIL MESSAGE ---------------------- H-Net --a-- <--@-->. "--t--". Private e-mail message to --r-- <--@-->. --d-- . "Private e-mail message to" and punctuation are constant. Variables are Author's name and (required) e-mail address; Title; Recipient's name and (with permission) e-mail address; mailing Date. MLA --a-- (--@--). "--t--". E-mail to --r-- (--@--). --d--. "E-mail to" and punctuation are constant. Variables are Author's name and (required) e-mail address; Title; Recipient's name and (with permission) e-mail address; mailing Date. ========== COMPONENTS ========== For the species covered here, the main differences in citation components are that H-Net includes author's e-mail address (for list traffic or a web page where the address does not appear, only with permission) and MLA includes your access date (hence two dates, except for private e-mail). For each species, the two columns below together provide a conservative list of what should be recorded for later citation in an unknown style. That is, "conservative" in that it will suffice for citation in either of the two styles featured here. (Or "APA embellished". This section of the report, at least, should be revised to cover other styles too.) WEB PAGES BOTH STYLES ONE STYLE ----------- --------- Author's name author's e-mail address (H-Net) Title Publisher publication Date Web address access Date (MLA) DISTRIBUTED E-MAIL LIST TRAFFIC BOTH STYLES ONE STYLE ----------- --------- Author's name author's e-mail address (H-Net) Title List's name * list's e-mail address distribution Date * archive address access Date (MLA) * MLA requires your access address, presumably one of the two PRIVATE E-MAIL MESSAGES BOTH STYLES ----------- Author's name author's e-mail address Title Recipient's name recipient's e-mail address mailing Date ======= SOURCES ======= (electronic sources cited in H-Net style) H-Net style (endorsed by H-Net: History and Humanities Online) Page, Melvin <[log in to unmask]>. "A Brief Citation Guide for Internet Sources in History and the Humanities". 20 February 1996 (version 2.1). <http://h-net2.msu.edu/~africa/citation.html>. MLA embellished style (unendorsed by MLA: Modern Languages Association) Li, Xia <[log in to unmask]> and Nancy Crane <[log in to unmask]>. "Electronic Sources: MLA Style of Citation". 26 July 1996. <http://www.uvm.edu/~xli/reference/mla.html>. Li, Xia, and Nancy Crane. 1996. __Electronic styles: A handbook for citing electronic information (revised edition)__. Medford, NJ: Information Today. [ISBN: 1-57387-027-7] ----Paul Paul Wendt, Watertown MA HES e-subscriptions manager and asst.editor ============ FOOTER TO HES POSTING ============ For information, send the message "info HES" to [log in to unmask]