In _King Leopold's Ghost_ by Adam Hochschild, the author states: Although it is painted with too broad a brush and is far from Twain's best work, "King Leopold's Soliloquy" provoked the royal propaganda machine to rush out an anonymous forty-seven-page pamphlet, "An Answer to Mark Twain." (p. 242). The "royal propaganda machine" is unidentified by Hochschild but I would hazard a guess it may have included Leopold himself. Barb