----------------- HES POSTING ----------------- Mike, Streissler fully agrees that Cournot was first, just that he had the axes in the French manner that Walras also followed. Marshall may well have also read Cournot, but, according to Streisser, he began to study economics while visiting Germany and read all of these Germans. He did not cite very many of them, although apparently he cites Roscher in some places. Streissler makes the point that there was not much of an emphasis in these German writings on citing or claiming credit. Much of this is because most of these books were textbooks. Arguably such an excuse may let Marshall off the hook, at least partly. Barkley Rosser ------------ FOOTER TO HES POSTING ------------ For information, send the message "info HES" to [log in to unmask]