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A Happy new year to everyone. Here my annual list of 2003 anniversaries (to 
be posted, as always, on the links site of the "The European Society for 
the History of Economic Thought" (http://www.eshet-web.org/). Let me know 
if something is missing. 
 
250 years ago Bishop George Berkeley (1685-1753), author of Querist (1737) 
and opponent of Mandeville, died. 
 
200 years ago Thomas Robert Malthus (1766-1834) published the second, 
substantially revised and expanded edition of his "Essay on the Principles 
of Population" (1803), and Jean-Baptiste Say (1767-1832) published his 
"Traite d'economie politique" (1803). 
 
150 years ago Karl Gustav Adolph Knies (1821-1898) published "Die 
politische Oekonomie vom Standpunkte der geschichtlichen Methode" (1853). 
 
100 years ago Abba Ptachya Lerner (1903-1982), John von Neumann 
(1903-1957), Joan V. Robinson (1903-1983), George L.S. Shackle (1903-1992), 
and Jan Tinbergen (1903-1994) were born. Karl Gustav Cassel (1866-1945) 
published "The Nature and Necessity of Interest," Wesley Clair Mitchell 
(1874-1984) "A History of the Greenbacks." The same year the German 
Institutionalist Eberhard Friedrich Albert Schaeffle (1831-1903) died. 
 
50 years ago, in 1953, our profession was confronted with two paradoxes: 
Maurice Allais published "Fondements d'une theorie positive des choix 
comportant un risque et critique des postulats et axiomes de l'Ecole 
americaine," stating for the first time the "Allais Paradox," while Wassily 
Leontief (1906-1999) published "Studies in the Structure of the American 
Economy" and "Domestic Production and Foreign Trade: the American capital 
position re-examined," stating the "Leontief Paradox."  The same year saw 
the publication of Milton Friedman's "The Methodology of Positive 
Economics," Alvin Harvey Hansen's (1887-1975) "A Guide to Keynes," Robert 
Heilbroner's  "The Worldly Philosophers," Eric Filip Lundberg's (1907-1987) 
"Business Cycles and Economic Policy" (English 1957), Franco Modigliani and 
Hans Neisser's "National Incomes and International Trade," Edmond 
Malinvaud's "Capital Accumulation and Efficient Allocation of Resources," 
John F. Nash's "Two-Person Cooperative Games (in Econometrica)," and Ragnar 
Nurkse's (1907-59) "Problems of Capital-Formation in Underdeveloped 
Countries." 
 
25 years ago, Kenneth E. Boulding (1910-1993) published "Ecodynamics: A New 
Theory of Societal Evolution" and Charles Kindleberger "Manias, Panics, and 
Crashes" (which sold well again 20 years later after the Asian crisis). The 
same year, Jacob Viner's (1892-1970) "Religious Thought and Economic 
Society" was published posthumously, Roy F. Harrod (1900-1978) and Ronald 
Lindley Meek (1917-1978) died, and Herbert A. Simon (1916-2001) received 
the Nobel prize in Economics for his "pioneering research into the 
decision-making process within economic organizations." 
 
Thomas Moser 
 
 
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