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There is indeed an enormous amount of literature on the topic.  
 
I will only refer to something which comes to my mind. 
 
1) Joseph J. Spengler, Adam Smith on Human Capital, The American Economic Review, Vol. 67,
No. 1, Papers and Proceedings of the Eighty-ninth Annual Meeting of the American Economic
Assocation. (Feb., 1977), pp. 32-36.
 
2) B.F. Kiker, The Historical Roots of the Concept of Human Capital, The Journal of
Political Economy, Vol. 74, No. 5. (Oct., 1966), pp. 481-499.
 
For a further research, one might check reviews of the Adam  
Smith scholarship such as Recktenwald and West, as well as electronic databasis such as
EconLit and JSTOR, if they are available:
 
3)Recktenwald, H. C. An Adam Smith Renessaince Anno 1976?, Journal of Economic Literature,
Vol. 16, No. 1. (Mar., 1978), pp. 56-83.
 
4)West, E. Adam Smith and Modern Economics, Edward Elgar, 1990. 
 
And of course, you could find references to Adam Smith in the works of the modern
proponents of human capital theory such as Gary Becker and Theodore Schultz. Schultz wrote
a piece on 'Adam Smith and Human Capital,' which is now included in his_The Economics of
Being Poor_(Blackwell, 1996).
 
Masazumi Wakatabe 
Waseda University   
 
 
 
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