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I have pursued the same question (about "industry," what is one?) in trying 
to understand the intellectual history of "the division of labor." And 
despite continual easy references everywhere in the literature (to 
"industry"), in the past and now, I have not found any focused, thoughtful 
discussion of the question or reasons for a resolution of it in one way or 
another. E.g., there is no entry on "industry" in The New Palgrave. (But 
see "industrial 
organization.") So far as I can tell, Leontiev got his early input-output 
training in Russia from Stanislav Strumilin (originally an electrical 
engineer, later a master of Gosplans). The great, discredited, but still 
irresistible influence there and then was still Tugan-Baranovskii, but 
behind him loomed the greatest influence of all then in these questions, 
Karl Bucher (Buecher), 
whose idea of historically successive reorganizations of the division of 
labor served Lenin, Weber, and many others, then and later. For 
contemporaneous English notions of "industry" (connecting with notions of 
"the division of labor"), see the original Palgrave, Dictionary of 
Political Economy. Farther back is Saint-Simon, farther still are the 
Physiocrats and their tableaux. I will follow responses to this query with 
much interest. 
 
J. Womack 
 
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