On December 12 1862 - Sam Clemens had a cold and wrote: "If McCluskey, of the Delta Saloon, could send me a reporter's cobbler—an unusually long one—I think it would relieve my cold."[a cobbler is a cocktail made w port or sherry, lemon juice, sugar & fruit liqueur]
The link below takes you to Jerry Thomas's famous 1862 book of cocktails. 
http://www.archive.org/details/howtomixdrinkso00schugoog
Caroline Lawrencewww.westernmysteries.com

> Date: Thu, 16 Feb 2012 15:25:36 -0500
> From: [log in to unmask]
> Subject: Re: Extinct American Cocktails in The Innocents Abroad
> To: [log in to unmask]
> 
> At last! Now we are getting to the REAL stuff! =20
> 
> I found a couple in The Bartender's Standard Manual, by Fred Powell:
> 
> Eyeopener
> 
> 1 jigger light rum
> 2 dashes Cr=E8me de Noyau
> 2 dashes Curacao
> 2 dashes Pernod
> 1 teaspoon powdered sugar
> 1 egg yolk
> 
> [even though it is mid-afternoon here, I mixed one of these, purely for
> scholarly purposes, and I can attest that my eyes are indeed wide open]
> 
> Earthquake Cocktail
> 
> 1 jigger whiskey
> 1 jigger gin
> 1 jigger Anesone or Abisante
> 
> Shake with ice and strain.
> 
> [Unfortunately, I have no Anesone or Abisante, and indeed do not know =
> what
> they are. But I do have whiskey and gin and ice, so, purely for =
> scholarly
> purposes, I will now give this one a test and see what the Richter scale
> says.]
> 
> Stone Fence No. 1
> 
> 2 jiggers Appplejack
> 1 or 2 dashes Angostura bitters
> 
> Place in tall glass with ice and fill with cider.
> 
> [No mention of a Stone Fence No. 2. I suppose #1 will suffice.]
> 
> In a graduate Twain seminar a couple of years ago, a student brought in =
> a
> drink mentioned in one of the texts that we all tried. It may have been =
> an
> Earthquake, or maybe another. I will check with her--we may have another =
> one
> to try. For scholarly purposes, of course. I also have a really old bar =
> book
> somewhere that may be of help.
> 
> John Bird
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Mark Twain Forum [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Michelson,
> Bruce F
> Sent: Thursday, February 16, 2012 2:31 PM
> To: [log in to unmask]
> Subject: Extinct American Cocktails in The Innocents Abroad
> 
> Because MT students and scholars sometimes wonder about such things, we =
> are=3D
>  looking for recipes for cocktails that Mark Twain and "the boys" demand =
> fr=3D
> om a puzzled Parisian barkeeper early in The Innocents Abroad:
> 
> "Give us a brandy smash!"
> The Frenchman began to back away, suspicious of the ominous vigor of the =
> la=3D
> st order ....
> 
> The General followed him up and gained a complete victory. The =
> uneducated f=3D
> oreigner could not even furnish a Santa Cruz Punch, and Eye-Opener, a =
> Stone=3D
> -Fence, or an Earthquake.
> 
> --
> So we need authentic 19th century recipes for the following, and we =
> don't s=3D
> ee them in the cookbooks on the kitchen shelf, or the blogs for Mad Men:
> 
> Brandy Smash
> Santa Cruz Punch
> Eye-Opener
> Stone-Fence
> Earthquake
> 
> Help on any of these mysteries will be appreciated.
> 
> Best regards,
> 
> Bruce Michelson
> University of Illinois