FYI
-----Original Message-----
From: Equity, Health & Human Development on behalf of Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC)
Sent: Fri 10/5/2007 9:56 AM
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: [EQ] Innovations in Delivering Services to Vulnerable Populations
Frontline Health Care in Canada: Innovations in Delivering Services to
Vulnerable Populations
David Hay, Emily Hines, Judi Varga-Toth
Canadian Policy Research Networks - CPRN Research Report F|63. September
2006
Available online as PDF file [106p.] at:
http://www.cprn.org/documents/45652_en.pdf
<http://www.cprn.org/documents/45652_en.pdf>
".....outlines the barriers faced by frontline health workers in caring
for Canada's most vulnerable populations.
The purpose of the report was
1) to better understand the nature of populations in Canada who are
unserved or underserved by the mainstream health care
system, in particular people in rural and remote communities, people
living in the inner city, and people living in conditions of poverty and
low income;
2) to explore and describe the nature of frontline health services; and
3) to describe the public policy environment in which patients and
providers on the margins have been operating.
The diversity of urban populations and significant gaps in research,
data collection and comparative analysis of sub-populations makes it
difficult to comprehensively describe the overall health status of urban
marginalized groups. It is clear, however, that some subpopulations
living in urban areas are facing challenging economic, social and
environmental conditions with one result being poor health. Conditions
that determine health such as education, employment, housing, and food
are less than adequate for some Canadians living in urban areas. Health
care can help, but vulnerable urban populations often face difficulty in
accessing mainstream health care services.
The health status of the population living in Canada's diverse and
distinct non-urban regions, including rural, remote and northern
regions, is lower than that of their urban counterparts. Aboriginal
peoples (First Nations, Metis and Inuit), in particular, tend to have
the poorest overall health status in Canada. Rural, remote and northern
populations exhibit a set of health needs influenced by aging,
depopulation, poverty and occupational hazards. Health needs for rural,
remote and northern populations may be particular to the environment,
geography, changing demographics, a common health need present in a
rural environment, or the need for health concerns to be expressed in a
"rurally sensitive" way.
Critically important to the health of vulnerable Canadians living in
both urban and rural areas are issues related to social causes of ill
health. The problem is not, or certainly not only, lack of health care
provision, inappropriate health care delivery systems, and barriers to
accessing care.
While access to health care is one "determinant" of health, it is only
one of a long list of factors that research has clearly demonstrated
significantly affects the health of populations. Furthermore, while
there are similarities in determinants of health in urban and rural
areas in Canada, there are also significant differences. This fact
argues well for the appropriateness of community-based frontline health
responses to health care needs - because they have the ability to
respond to local determinants of health...."
Contents
Executive Summary
1. Introduction and Overview
2. Research Questions and Methods
3. Profiling the People on the Frontlines
3.1 Rural Populations in Canada
3.1.1 What Is Defined as Rural, Remote, Northern?
3.1.2 Health Status of Rural, Remote and Northern Canadians
3.1.3 Access to Health Care in Rural Canada
3.2 Inner City and Marginalized Populations in Canada
3.2.1 What Is Defined as Inner City?
3.2.2 Health Status of Inner City and Marginalized Canadians
3.2.3 Access to Health Care in the Inner City
3.3 Determinants of Health in Inner City and Rural Canada
4. Frontline Health Services in Canada
4.1 Rural, Remote, Northern and Aboriginal Communities
4.1.1 Access Points
4.1.2 Gaps in Access to Primary Health Care Services in Rural Canada
4.2 Inner City and Marginalized Communities
4.2.1 Access Points
4.2.2 Gaps in Access to Primary Health Care Services in the Inner City
5. Policy Perspectives for Frontline Health
5.1 Why Are Some People Healthy and Others Are Not?
5.2 Who Is Responsible for Community Health and Well-Being?
5.3 Supporting Community Innovation
5.4 Health Services, Access and "Waiting Times"
6. Conclusion
* * * *
This message from the Pan American Health Organization, PAHO/WHO, is
part of an effort to disseminate
information Related to: Equity; Health inequality; Socioeconomic
inequality in health; Socioeconomic
health differentials; Gender; Violence; Poverty; Health Economics;
Health Legislation; Ethnicity; Ethics;
Information Technology - Virtual libraries; Research & Science issues.
[DD/ IKM Area]
"Materials provided in this electronic list are provided "as is". Unless
expressly stated otherwise, the findings
and interpretations included in the Materials are those of the authors
and not necessarily of The Pan American
Health Organization PAHO/WHO or its country members".
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