=================== HES POSTING ================== 
 
Steve's question is in fact about the institutionalization and  
professionalization of economics as such in the U.S, for this is  
how our modern (social) criteria for judging scientific contributions  
and individual scientists, in short the pecking order, came into  
existence. 
 
The literature on that is probably extensive. Moreover, the  
literature on the rise to dominance of neoclassical economics all  
over the world by means of benchmarking the American educational  
model is rapidly growing. 
 
One of my favourite books is Bob Coats (1993), 'Sociology and 
Professionalization of Economics. British and American Economic Essays 
Volume II' (Routledge) Volume I in this series (of 3) contains also an 
interesting article on the subject. 
 
The annual supplement to Volume 28 of HOPE is about how the American  
model is benchmarked internationally, but it also contains an article  
by William J. Barber on postwar changes in American graduate  
education. 
 
Finally, an advertisement. The close link between the rise to  
dominance of neoclassical economics and changes in the incentive  
structure in graduate education can be studied from the recent  
Western European experience. A forthcoming book (to which I  
contributed) by Routledge, edited by Bob Coats deals with that  
subject. 
 
Henk W. Plasmeijer 
 
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