Let me quote what Schumpeter said on  
the Austrian or Viennese School, his own (?) School: 
 
"The close cultural relations that existed between the  
Austro-Hungarian monarchy and Germany did not prevent  
the emergence in Austria of a scientific situation in our  
field that differed completely from the German one. 
This was largely due to two personal facts:  
to the fact that Carl Menger was a leader of quite unusual force; and  
to the fact that he found two disciples, Bohm-Bawerk and Wieser, who  
were his intellectual equals and who completed Menger's success." 
(History of Economic Analysis, New York, Oxford University Press, 1986, 
p. 844) 
 
Here obviously, he had a leader-follower relationship in mind.  
Whether this remains to be a sound analytical tool for historians of 
economic thought today, or whether the concept "school" plays an 
important role in the History of Economic Analysis by Schumpeter,     
these are different stories. 
 
Another quite intriguing question  
from the historical point of view is when people began to  
talk about schools. Perhaps one has to turn  
to early examples of the usage, "Classical School" or "English Classical 
School of Economics".  
 
Cheers 
 
Yukihiro Ikeda