[Selections by Humberto Barreto for SHOE list.]
nep-hpe <http://nep.repec.org/nep-hpe.html> New Economics Papers
<http://nep.repec.org/> on History and Philosophy of Economics
Issue of 2022‒08‒08
papers chosen by
Erik Thomson <http://econpapers.repec.org/RAS/pth72.htm>
University of Manitoba <http://umanitoba.ca/>
------------------------------
1. Is God giving or trading? Super Isaiam, 55, 1: Thomas Aquinas's first
use of 'just price'
<https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#m_-4677687815792050609_p1> By Pierre
Januard
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Pierre%20Januard>
2. Institutional Economics and Dewey's Instrumentalism
<https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#m_-4677687815792050609_p2> By Malcolm
Rutherford
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Malcolm%20Rutherford>
3. Setting the Record Straight on the Libertarian South African
Economist W. H. Hutt and James M. Buchanan
<https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#m_-4677687815792050609_p3> By William
Darity Jr.
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=William%20Darity%20Jr.>
; M'Balou Camara
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=M%27Balou%20Camara>;
Nancy
MacLean
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Nancy%20MacLean>
4. At the Boundaries of the Trading Sphere: The Appearance of the 'Just
Price' in Thomas Aquinas's Commentary on the Sentences
<https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#m_-4677687815792050609_p4> By Pierre
Januard
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Pierre%20Januard>
5. An Economic Defense of Multiple Antitrust Goals: Reversing Income
Inequality and Promoting Political Democracy
<https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#m_-4677687815792050609_p5> By Mark
Glick <http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Mark%20Glick>
6. History of science and its utopian reconstructions
<https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#m_-4677687815792050609_p6> By Paskins,
Matthew
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Paskins,%20Matthew>
7. Saving the lost ones
<https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#m_-4677687815792050609_p7> By
Glendinning,
Simon
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Glendinning,%20Simon>
8. Shaky foundations Central bank independence in the 21st century
<https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#m_-4677687815792050609_p8> By Laurence
Scialom
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Laurence%20Scialom>;
Gaëtan
Le Quang
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Ga%C3%ABtan%20Le%20Quang>
; Jérôme Deyris
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me%20Deyris>
9. The View of Knowledge: An Institutional Theory of Differences in
Educational Quality
<https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#m_-4677687815792050609_p9> By Henrekson,
Magnus
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Henrekson,%20Magnus>;
Wennström,
Johan
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Wennstr%C3%B6m,%20Johan>
10. The Philosophical Justifications of the “Fair Innings Argument” and
Related Controversies
<https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#m_-4677687815792050609_p10> By Clémence
Thebaut
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Cl%C3%A9mence%20Thebaut>
; Paul-Loup Weil-Dubuc
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Paul-Loup%20Weil-Dubuc>
; Jérôme Wittwer
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me%20Wittwer>
------------------------------
1. Is God giving or trading? Super Isaiam, 55, 1: Thomas Aquinas's first
use of 'just price'
<http://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-03658155>
By: Pierre Januard
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Pierre%20Januard> (PHARE
- Philosophie, Histoire et Analyse des Représentations Économiques - UP1 -
Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne)
Abstract: The phrase 'just price' first appears in Aquinas's Commentary
on the Book of Isaiah (1252). Interestingly, even in this early work
Aquinas introduces the notion of price to comment on a verse, a term which
had in fact disappeared with the Vulgate Latin translation, on which
Aquinas nevertheless relied, as it had also from the Fathers's
commentaries. Aquinas here provides the founding elements of his later
analyses: the role of the price in ensuring the justice of exchange, but
also the diversity of possible exchange ratios, not necessarily referring
to price, in order to account for limit cases within an exchange framework.
Keywords: Thomas Aquinas,Scholastics,just price,risk JEL classification:
B11
Date: 2022–05–03
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-03658155&r=
2. Institutional Economics and Dewey's Instrumentalism
<http://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:vic:vicddp:2008>
By: Malcolm Rutherford
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Malcolm%20Rutherford>
(Department
of Economics, University of Victoria)
Abstract: Previous discussions concerning the relationship between John
Dewey’s pragmatic instrumentalism and institutional economics have focused
on Clarence Ayres and on issues of valuation. This paper gives attention to
the actual conduct of economic investigations by institutionalists such as
Wesley Mitchell, Walton Hamilton, and John R. Commons. It is argued that
many aspects of Dewey’s instrumentalism are clearly displayed in the
problem centered, investigational, and experimental methods employed by
institutionalists, and in their commitment to problem solving and social
control. The association of institutionalist methods with Dewey’s
instrumentalism implies that many of the standard criticisms of
institutionalist methods are misplaced. These criticisms, that
institutionalism lacked proper theoretical perspective and produced work
that was overly descriptive, have been made predominantly from a logical
positivist methodological perspective, and ignore Dewey’s notions of
science that informed the institutionalist approach. Appraising
institutionalist successes and failures from the point of view of the
methodology they actually adopted provides a much more nuanced criticism,
one based on the strengths and weaknesses of the underlying instrumentalist
methods they employed. In particular, some serious difficulties with the
application of Dewey’s experimentalism to social science are located.
Keywords: Institutionalism, Instrumentalism, John Dewey, Wesley
Mitchell, Walton Hamilton, J. R. Commons
Date: 2022–07–12
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:vic:vicddp:2008&r=
3. Setting the Record Straight on the Libertarian South African
Economist W. H. Hutt and James M. Buchanan
<http://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:thk:wpaper:inetwp184>
By: William Darity Jr.
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=William%20Darity%20Jr.>
(Duke
University); M'Balou Camara
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=M%27Balou%20Camara> (Duke
University); Nancy MacLean
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Nancy%20MacLean> (Duke
University)
Abstract: In their stormy response to Nancy MacLean's book Democracy in
Chains, some academics on the libertarian right have conducted a concerted
defense of Nobel Laureate James Buchanan's credentials as an anti-racist,
or at least a non-racist. An odd component of their argument is a claim of
innocence by association: the peripatetic South African economist and Mont
Pelerin Society founding member William Harold Hutt was against apartheid;
Buchanan was a friend and supporter of Hutt; therefore, Buchanan could not
have been abetting segregationists with his support for public funding of
segregationist private schools. At the core of this chain of argument is
the inference that Hutt's opposition to apartheid proves that Hutt himself
was committed to racial equality. However, just as there were white
supremacists who opposed slavery in the United States, we demonstrate Hutt
was a white supremacist who opposed apartheid in South Africa. We document
how Hutt embraced notions of black inferiority, even in The Economics of
the Colour Bar, his most ferocious attack on apartheid. Whether or not
innocence by association is a sound defense of anyone's ideology or
conduct, Hutt, himself, was not innocent of white supremacy.
Keywords: Race and economics; James Buchanan, Libertarianism, South
Africa, Public Choice.
JEL: B25 I24 I28 J15 N17 N12 N37
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?jel=B25%20I24%20I28%20J15%20N17%20N12%20N37>
Date: 2022–05–26
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:thk:wpaper:inetwp184&r=
4. At the Boundaries of the Trading Sphere: The Appearance of the 'Just
Price' in Thomas Aquinas's Commentary on the Sentences
<http://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-03658417>
By: Pierre Januard
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Pierre%20Januard> (PHARE
- Philosophie, Histoire et Analyse des Représentations Économiques - UP1 -
Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne)
Abstract: The term 'just price' appears only twice in the Commentary on
the Sentences, the most important of Thomas Aquinas's early works. Yet
these little known and seemingly incidental appearances, related to a
non-tradable good and a semi-tradable good, are in fact fundamental and
decisive: they offer a new way of understanding the Thomasian just price as
an analogy of justice; they highlight the role of price in reducing the
risk of lack of information about the justice of exchange; they allow the
market to be delimited; and they indicate how, through paying particular
attention to the goods, Aquinas implements an objective approach that
reduces the subjective risk concerning the agents and their hidden
intentions.
Keywords: Thomas Aquinas,Scholastics,just price,risk
Date: 2022–05–03
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-03658417&r=
5. An Economic Defense of Multiple Antitrust Goals: Reversing Income
Inequality and Promoting Political Democracy
<http://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:thk:wpaper:inetwp181>
By: Mark Glick
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Mark%20Glick> (University
of Utah)
Abstract: Two recent papers by prominent antitrust scholars argue that a
revived antitrust movement can help reverse the dramatic rise in economic
inequality and the erosion of political democracy in the United States.
Both papers rely on the legislative history of the key antitrust statutes
to support their case. Not surprisingly, their recommendations have been
met with alarm in some quarters and with skepticism in others. Such
proposals by antitrust reformers are often contrasted with the Consumer
Welfare Standard that pervades antitrust policy today. The Consumer Welfare
Standard suffers from several defects: (1) It employs a narrow, unworkable
measure of welfare; (2) It excludes important sources of welfare based on
the assumption that antitrust seeks only to maximize wealth; (3) It assumes
a constant and equal individual marginal utility of money; and (4) It is
often combined with extraneous ideological goals. Even with these defects,
however, if applied consistent with its theoretical underpinnings, the
consideration of the transfer of labor rents resulting from a merger or
dominant firm conduct is supported by the Consumer Welfare Standard.
Moreover, even when only consumers (and not producers) are deemed relevant,
the welfare of labor still should consistently be considered part of
consumer welfare. In contrast, fostering political democracy—a prominent
traditional antitrust goal that was jettisoned by the Chicago School—falls
outside the Consumer Welfare Standard in any of its constructs. To
undergird such important broader goals requires that the Consumer Welfare
Standard be replaced with the General Welfare Standard. The General Welfare
Standard consists of modern welfare economics modified to accommodate
objective analyses of human welfare and purged of inconsistencies.
Keywords: New Brandeis School, Antitrust economics, Antitrust law,
Neoliberal Economic Theory, Chicago School Economics, History of Antitrust
law; market concentration; corporation size.
JEL: K21 L40 N12
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?jel=K21%20L40%20N12>
Date: 2022–03–21
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:thk:wpaper:inetwp181&r=
6. History of science and its utopian reconstructions
<http://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:ehl:lserod:109300>
By: Paskins, Matthew
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Paskins,%20Matthew>
Abstract: In recent years explicitly utopian visions have reappeared
across the political spectrum. To a surprising degree these visions have
drawn on histories and science and technology. What should scholars of
Science and Technology Studies (STS) and History and Philosophy of Science
(HPS) make of these developments? The concept of utopia has often been
treated with considerable distrust in these fields, as an indication of
closed end-directed blueprints, or as an indication of fantasies of
limitless technological improvement and purification of categories.
Alongside this uneasiness, however, HPS and STS scholars have also
projected transformative ambitions, seeking to recover from the past
different ways of knowing and relating to the human and non-human world. By
engaging with critiques of utopia from thinkers including Karl Popper, Otto
Neurath, Bruno Latour, Isabelle Stengers and Donna Haraway, and exploring
some of the utopian strands which have recurred in studies of science and
technology—including the longing for integration, the association of
science with planning, and the ways in which feminist scholars have
envisaged alternative forms of science—we can understand the ongoing, and
often unrecognised, utopian dimensions of HPS and STS.
Keywords: Anthropocene; Feminist theory; Integration; Planning;
Pluralism; Utopia; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme (grant agreement number 694732- NARRATIVENSCIENCE)
JEL: B10 B20
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?jel=B10%20B20>
Date: 2020–06–20
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:109300&r=
7. Saving the lost ones
<http://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:ehl:lserod:115457>
By: Glendinning, Simon
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Glendinning,%20Simon>
Abstract: In an essay on the modern idea of political equality, Bernard
Williams contrasts what he calls ‘the human point of view’ with a point of
view marked by what he calls a ‘technical or professional attitude’. While
the latter is concerned with conspicuous structures of someone’s life that
might be by occupied by another, the former concerns an attitude towards a
singular person, what Wittgenstein calls ‘an attitude towards a soul’ – an
attitude characteristically exemplified in the relation to the other who is
a friend. It is the one who is in view under such a singularising gaze that
seems to be lost as soon as we start counting others, counting our friends.
The paper explores the general haunting of the modern-Western idea of all
people’s equality by the hazy spectre of what is disclosed by this
singularising gaze, and asks how we might organise a response politically
to the in each case unique and singular relation to the unique and singular
other we call the friend – the one who is both altogether other and my
equal.
JEL: B14 B24 P2 P3
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?jel=B14%20B24%20P2%20P3>
Date: 2022–06–01
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:115457&r=
8. Shaky foundations Central bank independence in the 21st century
<http://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:drm:wpaper:2022-16>
By: Laurence Scialom
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Laurence%20Scialom>;
Gaëtan
Le Quang
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Ga%C3%ABtan%20Le%20Quang>
; Jérôme Deyris
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me%20Deyris>
Abstract: Central bank independence (CBI) has often been presented as a
superior institutional arrangement demonstrated by economists in the 1980s
for achieving a common good in a non-partisan manner. In this article, we
argue that this view must be challenged. First, research in the history of
economic facts and thought shows that the idea of CBI is not new, and was
adopted under peculiar socio-historical conditions, in response to
particular interests. Rather than an indisputable progress in economic
science, CBI is the foundation for a particular configuration of the
monetary regime, perishable like its predecessors. Secondly, we argue that
the simplistic case imagined by the CBI theory (the setting of a single
interest rate disconnected from political pressures) is long overdue. For
nearly two decades, central banks have been increasing their footprint on
the economy, embarking on large asset purchase programs and adopting
macroprudential policies. This pro-activism forces independent central
banks to constantly address new distributional - and therefore political -
issues, leading to a growing number of criticisms of their actions with
regard to inequality or climate change. This growing gap between theory and
practices makes plausible a further shift of the institutional arrangement
towards a democratization of monetary policy.
Keywords: central bank independence, monetary policy, macroprudential
policy
JEL: E58 G28 N20
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?jel=E58%20G28%20N20>
Date: 2022
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:drm:wpaper:2022-16&r=
9. The View of Knowledge: An Institutional Theory of Differences in
Educational Quality <http://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:hhs:iuiwop:1432>
By: Henrekson, Magnus
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Henrekson,%20Magnus>
(Research
Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN)); Wennström, Johan
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Wennstr%C3%B6m,%20Johan>
(Research
Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN))
Abstract: This essay argues that the most crucial institution of any
school system is its view of knowledge—from which virtually all other
aspects of a school are derived: the content of its curricula, its
pedagogical practices, and the incentives that motivate its members. To
make this case, we outline the two main conflicting views of knowledge, the
classical view and the postmodern social constructivist view. According to
the classical view, the purpose of schooling is to give students objective
knowledge and skills that they cannot acquire in any way other than through
hierarchical instruction in well-defined disciplines. The social
constructivist view rejects the existence of objective knowledge. This
rejection translates to a preference for student-directed pedagogy, the
mixing of instructional fields, and an emphasis on developing general
critical thinking skills rather than on acquiring domain-specific
knowledge. Using the history of education in Sweden as an example, our
analysis suggests that the recent decline in educational quality in the
Western democracies can be remedied by a paradigm shift in the governing
view of knowledge toward the classical view.
Keywords: Communal knowledge; Institutions; Postmodernism; Social
constructivism; Thought style; Views of knowledge
JEL: H42 H44 H75 I22 I28 L88
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?jel=H42%20H44%20H75%20I22%20I28%20L88>
Date: 2022–06–22
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:iuiwop:1432&r=
10. The Philosophical Justifications of the “Fair Innings Argument” and
Related Controversies
<http://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-03670001>
By: Clémence Thebaut
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Cl%C3%A9mence%20Thebaut>
(NET
- Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale - INSERM - Institut National de la Santé et
de la Recherche Médicale - Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de
Neurologie Tropicale - CHU Limoges - GEIST - Institut Génomique,
Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique - UNILIM - Université de
Limoges, LEDa - Laboratoire d'Economie de Dauphine - CNRS - Centre National
de la Recherche Scientifique - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le
Développement - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris
sciences et lettres, PSL - Université Paris sciences et lettres, UNILIM -
Université de Limoges); Paul-Loup Weil-Dubuc
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=Paul-Loup%20Weil-Dubuc>
(Université
Paris-Saclay); Jérôme Wittwer
<http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search.pf?aus=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me%20Wittwer>
(BPH
- Bordeaux population health - UB - Université de Bordeaux - Institut de
Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED) - INSERM -
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale)
Abstract: Financing innovative and costly treatments in various
therapeutic fields entails a number of problems in countries where costs
are covered by public services. Providing these drugs is forcing actors to
define the maximum sums of money society is willing to spend for given
health improvements. This raises the question of whether maximum financing
should vary according individuals' circumstances, such as the rareness of a
disease, lifestyles, social inequalities experienced over a life time, etc.
This article examines a particular priority, namely that given to the
youngest patients, such prioritising usually refers to the "fair innings
argument" (FIA). The challenge is to identify if, and on the basis of what
arguments, collective choices should take into account age in the name of a
right to live the time required for a complete life, within a context of
the scarcity of resources and the pluralism of values. Three arguments are
considered. At first we consider that FIA could be justified by the
objective of equalizing the opportunities of well-being. Next, we proposed
justifying the fair innings argument with the aim of equalizing the time
provided to individuals to achieve their plan of life, in accordance with
Rawls's theory of justice as fairness. Finally, we proposed considering the
FIA as being justified because of the goal of equalizing the time provided
to individuals to accept death. These three arguments, of course, have many
limitations, some of which we have highlighted.
Date: 2022–05–17
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-03670001&r=
------------------------------
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Thomson. It is provided as is without any express or implied warranty. It
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